????? ????????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? (?????? ???????)
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- ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????. ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??–?? ???? ???? ??? ????????? ?? ????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ?? ???? ??–?? ???? ????/???? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ????????? ??? ?? ???? ????/???.
- ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????????? (????? ???????? AR) ????? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????????.
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- ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????. ?????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???????? ????? ?,?? ??? ???? ????. ??? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ???????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ????????.
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- ????? ?????? ?????????: ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? (CR5) ???? ??,??? ?? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ??????. ??? ???? ??????? ???????: ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ????????? ????? ??????? ????. ??? ??? ?? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ????????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????????? ??,?? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????.
- ?????? ??????? ???????: ???? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?,??. ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????? ≤? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ???????? ????????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????????? ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ???????? ?????????—??? ????? ???? ???????? ??????? ????????? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ???????? ???????.
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- ???? ????? ??? ???????? ??????????? ?????: ?? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ??,?? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????? (PCBs) ??????? ????????? ?? ????? ????? ????????.
- ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????????: ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ????????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????????? ????? ?,?? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??? ????.
- ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????????: ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? (≥??,???) ?????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????????? ???? ??? ????????? ?? ?????? ????????? ????? ??,?? ?? ??? ????.
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- ????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?????????. ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????????? ???????? ???????? ???????? (CATL) ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ???????? ????????? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????? (SMIC) ?? ????? ???? ????? ????? ?????????.
- ??? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? (CR3) ?? ?????? ??? ??,?? ?? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???? ???????? ??????? ????????? ???? ??? ???????? ???????? ??????? (??? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ??????????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ????????? ????? ????? ????????)? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ?? ???? ????? (??? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ?????????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ?????).
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- ????? ??????: ??? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ???????.
- ????? ???????: ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ??,??.
??????: ??????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???????
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- ???? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????. ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??,?? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????—??? ?????? ???? ????? ?????.
- ???? ????????? ????????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????. ???? "????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????? (??????? ????)" ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ??,??? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????.
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- ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ?? "???? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???????? (??????? ????)"? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???? "?????? ??????? ?????? ???" ?????? ?????? ???????—?? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ??,??.
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- ??? ????? ?????? (????): ????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???????.
- ??? ????? ?????? (????–????): ??? ????? ??????? ???? ?????????? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?? ???????? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????.
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- ??????? ??? ?????? ???????: ?????? ??? ???????? ??????????? ??????????? ?? ????????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ??,???.
- ?????? ???? ???????: ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? (CR5) ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ????????? ?? ???????? ?????? (??? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????).
?. ????????? ??????????? ??????????
- ??????? ??????: ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????.
- ??????? ???????: ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?????.
Synthesis of tin(IV) octaethylcorroles was accomplished with this reagent. These new compounds exhibit reversible oxidation only at the conjugated ring system, not at the metal center.1
Also known as tin chloride, tin crystals, tin dichloride and tin salts, SnCl2 is white crystals, soluble in water, alcohol, and alkalies, oxidized in air to the oxychloride, that melt at 247°C. Used as a chemical intermediate, reducing agent, and ink-stain remover, and for silvering mirrors.
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